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  • Backlit plants. Duke Gardens, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Five miles of walks and pathways meander through landscaped and wooded areas at Sarah P. Duke Gardens. The gardens are divided into four parts, the Historic Core, the H.L Blomquist Garden of Native Plants, the Culberson Asiatic Arboretum and the Page White Garden. The gardens are a memorial to Sarah P. Duke, wife of Benjamin N. Duke, one of Duke University's benefactors. Address: Sarah P. Duke Gardens, 426 Anderson Street, Box 90341, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0341.
    1510SE-5092_Duke-Gardens_NC.jpg
  • Alpine plants. on Mammoth Crest. Inyo National Forest, Mammoth Lakes village, California, USA.We hiked from Lake George to Crystal Lake (side trip) and Mammoth Crest (7 miles with 2000 ft gain).
    2007CA-1139.jpg
  • Mounding green plants in a marsh. Day 2 of 9 days trekking around the Cordillera Huayhuash, in the Andes Mountains, Peru, South America.
    14PER2-318_mound-plant.jpg
  • Mounding green plants form mats in a marsh. Day 2 of 9 days trekking around the Cordillera Huayhuash, in the Andes Mountains, Peru, South America.
    14PER-2782_mound-plant-meadow.jpg
  • Spaniard (speargrass) plants. Glacier-clad Mount Sefton rises above the Hooker Valley Track, in Aoraki / Mount Cook National Park, Canterbury region, South Island, New Zealand. In 1990, UNESCO honored Te Wahipounamu - South West New Zealand as a World Heritage Area. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    1901NZ1-0535-37-Pano.jpg
  • Pioneer plants on lava cliffs of Holei Pali, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, on the Big Island, Hawaii, USA. Established in 1916 and later expanded, the park (HVNP) encompasses two active volcanoes: Kilauea, one of the world's most active volcanoes, and Mauna Loa, the world's most massive shield volcano. The park portrays the birth of the Hawaiian Islands with dramatic volcanic landscapes, native flora and fauna, and glowing flowing lava. Most recently erupted in 1984, Mauna Loa may have emerged above sea level about 400,000 years ago and has likely been erupting for at least 700,000 years. Measured from its base on the ocean floor, it rises over 33,000 ft, significantly greater than the elevation of Mount Everest above sea level. HVNP is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and International Biosphere Reserve.
    1701HAW-2762.jpg
  • Bromeliad plants. Allerton Garden, on the south shore of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. Address: 4425 Lawai Rd, Koloa, HI 96756. Nestled in a valley transected by the Lawai Stream ending in Lawai Bay, Allerton Garden is one of five gardens of the non-profit National Tropical Botanical Garden (ntbg.org).
    1701HAW-1908.jpg
  • Vibrant green moss and plants grow in the Martial Mountains seen from the Canadon Negro trail, Tierra del Fuego National Park, a day hike from the ski lift above Ushuaia, Argentina, South America.
    05ARG-30011.jpg
  • Alpine tundra plants are dwarfed by harsh climate at Wonder Lake, Denali National Park, Alaska, USA. Fungi fruits with a white mushroom.
    06AK_4091-mushrooms.jpg
  • Gaillardia (or Blanket flower) is a genus of drought-tolerant annual and perennial plants from the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Photo from Baring Creek Valley, in Glacier National Park, in the Rocky Mountains, Montana, USA.
    10GLA-3532.jpg
  • An Andean woman walks by agave plants and eucalyptus trees on the outskirts of Huaraz, Peru, South America.
    00PER-24-Huaraz-Eucalyptus.jpg
  • Gaillardia (or Blanket flower) is a genus of drought-tolerant annual and perennial plants from the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Photo from Baring Creek Valley, in Glacier National Park, in the Rocky Mountains, Montana, USA.
    10GLA-3537.jpg
  • The sticky purple geranium (Geranium viscosissimum) is a perennial in the Geraniaceae family of flowering plants. Apikuni Falls trail, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA.
    10GLA-2559.jpg
  • Icy peaks and pond plants along Aletsch Panoramaweg above Riederalp in the Pennine/Valais Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch region is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
    16SWI-6746.jpg
  • Icy peaks and pond plants along Aletsch Panoramaweg above Riederalp in the Pennine/Valais Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch region is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
    16SWI-6745.jpg
  • Icy peaks and pond plants along Aletsch Panoramaweg above Riederalp in the Pennine/Valais Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch region is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
    16SWI-6743.jpg
  • Epiphytic plants on a beech tree in Te Urewera National Park, North Island, New Zealand
    07NZ_8143-Lake-Waikaremoana.jpg
  • Monotropa uniflora (Indian pipe, ghost plant, or corpse plant) flowers bloom in a cradle of ferns in Wallace Falls State Park, Gold Bar, Washington, USA. Unlike most plants, Indian pipe is white and does not contain chlorophyll. It is parasitic on fungi that are mycorrhizal with trees, ultimately getting energy from the trees' photosynthesis. It can grow in the very dark understory of dense forest.
    1607WAL-046.jpg
  • Monotropa uniflora (Indian pipe, ghost plant, or corpse plant) flowers bloom in Larrabee State Park, near Bellingham, Washington, USA. Unlike most plants, it is white and does not contain chlorophyll. It is parasitic on fungi that are mycorrhizal with trees, ultimately getting energy from the trees' photosynthesis. It can grow in very dark understory of dense forest.
    1607LAR-006.jpg
  • Waves crash along the scenic peninsula of Laupahoehoe Point County Park, on the Hamakua Coast, Big Island, Hawaii, USA. The plant called Beach Naupaka (Scaevola sericea, synonyms: Lobelia taccada, Scaevola taccada) is native to Hawaii and is also known as Naupaka Kahakai, or Half-flower. Its flower is white or cream usually tinged with purple, pale purple, or tan. According to Hawaiian legends, the one-sided flowers of Beach Naupaka are a symbol of lovers torn apart and never reunited. The corky seeds are buoyant and can remain viable in the ocean for a year as they are carried to new shorelines. The leaves have curled-under edges and are shiny, bright green, somewhat succulent, alternate, and obovate in shape with a broad, rounded tip. The plants are dense, spreading, mounding, thicket-forming shrubs. In Hawaii, Beach Naupaka grows wild along the coastlines and is also used as a landscaping or hedge plant in coastal areas because of salt tolerance and attractive form.
    1701HAW-3135.jpg
  • Beach Naupaka (Scaevola sericea, synonyms: Lobelia taccada, Scaevola taccada) is native to Hawaii. It is also known as Naupaka Kahakai, or Half-flower. Its flower is white or cream usually tinged with purple, pale purple, or tan. According to Hawaiian legends, the one-sided flowers of Beach Naupaka are a symbol of lovers torn apart and never reunited. The corky seeds are buoyant and can remain viable in the ocean for a year as they are carried to new shorelines. The leaves have curled-under edges and are shiny, bright green, somewhat succulent, alternate, and obovate in shape with a broad, rounded tip. The plants are dense, spreading, mounding, thicket-forming shrubs. In Hawaii, Beach Naupaka grows wild along the coastlines and is also used as a landscaping or hedge plant in coastal areas because of salt tolerance and attractive form. Photo is from the end of Chain of Craters Road in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, on the Big Island, Hawaii, USA.
    1701HAW-2752.jpg
  • Sotol/Dasylirion leiophyllum plant, in the Chihuahuan Desert, Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Texas, USA. See local plants labeled on the Pinery nature trail at Pine Springs Visitor Center. Hike some of the most scenic trails in Texas in Guadalupe Mountains National Park, near El Paso.
    1404TX-1041_Guadalupe-Mountains_Texa...jpg
  • Invasive iceplant at Leffingwell Landing Park, part of Hearst San Simeon State Park, Cambria, California, USA. Iceplant was introduced to California in the early 1900s as an erosion stabilization tool beside railroad tracks, and later used by Caltrans on roadsides. Iceplant is bad for a number of reasons. It’s invasive and releases salt into the soil, raising the salt level high enough to inhibit other plant seeds, especially grasses.  It doesn't serve as a food source for animals and can out-compete the native plants for water, light, and space. It's actually bad for erosion control. Having weak root systems, these heavy plants can cause the hill to start sliding, taking existing topsoil from the slope. Although the soft succulent new growth has a high water content which doesn't burn, the slow-to-decompose dead leaves layered underneath create a fire hazard.
    2203CA-0453.jpg
  • Bixby Creek Bridge (1932), Big Sur coast, California, USA. 120 miles south of San Francisco and 13 miles south of Carmel in Monterey County along State Route 1. Completed in 1932 for just over $200,000, the concrete span, one of the highest bridges of its kind in the world, soars 260 feet above the bottom of a steep canyon carved by Bixby Creek. Iceplant was introduced to California in the early 1900s as an erosion stabilization tool beside railroad tracks, and later used by Caltrans on roadsides. Iceplant is bad for a number of reasons. It’s invasive and releases salt into the soil, raising the salt level high enough to inhibit other plant seeds, especially grasses.  It doesn't serve as a food source for animals and can out-compete the native plants for water, light, and space. It's actually bad for erosion control. Having weak root systems, these heavy plants can cause the hill to start sliding, taking existing topsoil from the slope. Although the soft succulent new growth has a high water content which doesn't burn, the slow-to-decompose dead leaves layered underneath create a fire hazard.
    2203CA-0799.jpg
  • Invasive iceplant at Leffingwell Landing Park, part of Hearst San Simeon State Park, Cambria, California, USA.  Iceplant was introduced to California in the early 1900s as an erosion stabilization tool beside railroad tracks, and later used by Caltrans on roadsides. Iceplant is bad for a number of reasons. It’s invasive and releases salt into the soil, raising the salt level high enough to inhibit other plant seeds, especially grasses.  It doesn't serve as a food source for animals and can out-compete the native plants for water, light, and space. It's actually bad for erosion control. Having weak root systems, these heavy plants can cause the hill to start sliding, taking existing topsoil from the slope. Although the soft succulent new growth has a high water content which doesn't burn, the slow-to-decompose dead leaves layered underneath create a fire hazard.
    2203CA-0455.jpg
  • Yellow flower of invasive iceplant at Leffingwell Landing Park, part of Hearst San Simeon State Park, Cambria, California, USA. Iceplant was introduced to California in the early 1900s as an erosion stabilization tool beside railroad tracks, and later used by Caltrans on roadsides. Iceplant is bad for a number of reasons. It’s invasive and releases salt into the soil, raising the salt level high enough to inhibit other plant seeds, especially grasses.  It doesn't serve as a food source for animals and can out-compete the native plants for water, light, and space. It's actually bad for erosion control. Having weak root systems, these heavy plants can cause the hill to start sliding, taking existing topsoil from the slope. Although the soft succulent new growth has a high water content which doesn't burn, the slow-to-decompose dead leaves layered underneath create a fire hazard.
    2203CA-0454.jpg
  • Invasive iceplant at Leffingwell Landing Park, part of Hearst San Simeon State Park, Cambria, California, USA. Iceplant was introduced to California in the early 1900s as an erosion stabilization tool beside railroad tracks, and later used by Caltrans on roadsides. Iceplant is bad for a number of reasons. It’s invasive and releases salt into the soil, raising the salt level high enough to inhibit other plant seeds, especially grasses.  It doesn't serve as a food source for animals and can out-compete the native plants for water, light, and space. It's actually bad for erosion control. Having weak root systems, these heavy plants can cause the hill to start sliding, taking existing topsoil from the slope. Although the soft succulent new growth has a high water content which doesn't burn, the slow-to-decompose dead leaves layered underneath create a fire hazard.
    2203CA-0451.jpg
  • A blue Indian Camas (Camassia quamash) flower blooms on Vendovi Island, Skagit County, Washington, USA. The Indian Camas (or Indian hyacinth or Wild hyacinth, Camassia quamash) is native to western North America and blooms in various shades of blue. DNA and biochemical studies by  the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group have reassigned Camassia from the Lily family to the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. The scientific species name "quamash" is from a Nez Perce term for the plant's bulb, which was gathered and used as a food source by tribes in the Pacific Northwest. On the San Juan Islands, native tribes burned forest to maintain sunny fields for growing this plant. The red flower is Castilleja, commonly known as Indian paintbrush or Prairie-fire, a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. Vendovi Island was named after a Fijian High Chief Ro Veidovi who was brought to North America by the 1841 Wilkes Expedition. The San Juan Preservation Trust, a land trust for conservation in the San Juan Islands, purchased the island in December 2010 from the family of John Fluke Sr. Vendovi Island lies across Samish Bay from mainland Skagit County, between Guemes Island and Lummi Island, in the Salish Sea.
    1205VE2-015_Vendovi-Island.jpg
  • Crater Rim Trail follows an overgrown road near Kilauea Visitor Center, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, on the Big Island, Hawaii, USA. Growing into the former road beside the picnic tables is the common local fern Dicranopteris linearis, known as Old World forked fern, uluhe (Hawaiian), dilim (Filipino), Climbing Fern, or False Staghorn. As a pioneer species in ecological succession, it can colonize bare lava flows, talus, and abandoned roads. Intolerant of shade, it climbs over other plants to reach direct sunlight. The stem grows from the rhizome, branches at a 45° angle, and forms fronds that continue to bud and branch at great length, 20+ feet. Where humans eliminate the fern, invasive non-native species of plants often move in. This plant is a keystone species in Hawaiian ecosystems and often forms deep thickets. Dicranopteris linearis is widely distributed in the wet Old World tropics, Polynesia and the Pacific. Established in 1916 and later expanded, the park (HVNP) encompasses two active volcanoes: Kilauea, one of the world's most active volcanoes, and Mauna Loa, the world's most massive shield volcano. The park portrays the birth of the Hawaiian Islands with dramatic volcanic landscapes, native flora and fauna, and glowing flowing lava. HVNP is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and International Biosphere Reserve.
    1701HAW-2303.jpg
  • A blue Indian Camas (Camassia quamash) flower blooms on Vendovi Island, Skagit County, Washington, USA. The Indian Camas (or Indian hyacinth or Wild hyacinth, Camassia quamash) is native to western North America and blooms in various shades of blue. DNA and biochemical studies by  the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group have reassigned Camassia from the Lily family to the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. The scientific species name "quamash" is from a Nez Perce term for the plant's bulb, which was gathered and used as a food source by tribes in the Pacific Northwest. On the San Juan Islands, native tribes burned forest to maintain sunny fields for growing this plant. The red flower is Castilleja, commonly known as Indian paintbrush or Prairie-fire, a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. Vendovi Island was named after a Fijian High Chief Ro Veidovi who was brought to North America by the 1841 Wilkes Expedition. The San Juan Preservation Trust, a land trust for conservation in the San Juan Islands, purchased the island in December 2010 from the family of John Fluke Sr. Vendovi Island lies across Samish Bay from mainland Skagit County, between Guemes Island and Lummi Island, in the Salish Sea.
    1205VEN-024_Vendovi-Island.jpg
  • A blue Indian Camas (Camassia quamash) flower blooms on Vendovi Island, Skagit County, Washington, USA. The Indian Camas (or Indian hyacinth or Wild hyacinth, Camassia quamash) is native to western North America and blooms in various shades of blue. DNA and biochemical studies by  the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group have reassigned Camassia from the Lily family to the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. The scientific species name "quamash" is from a Nez Perce term for the plant's bulb, which was gathered and used as a food source by tribes in the Pacific Northwest. On the San Juan Islands, native tribes burned forest to maintain sunny fields for growing this plant. The red flower is Castilleja, commonly known as Indian paintbrush or Prairie-fire, a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. Vendovi Island was named after a Fijian High Chief Ro Veidovi who was brought to North America by the 1841 Wilkes Expedition. The San Juan Preservation Trust, a land trust for conservation in the San Juan Islands, purchased the island in December 2010 from the family of John Fluke Sr. Vendovi Island lies across Samish Bay from mainland Skagit County, between Guemes Island and Lummi Island, in the Salish Sea. Published 2012 by the San Juan Preservation Trust (www.sjpt.org) for the Campaign to Save Vendovi Island.
    1205VE2-008_Vendovi-Island.jpg
  • Euphrasia (Eyebright) is a genus of about 450 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae (broomrape) commonly found worldwide in alpine or sub-alpine meadows. They are semi-parasitic on grasses and other plants. The common name refers to the plant's use in treating eye infections. Photo from Trient, Switzerland, the Alps, Europe.
    05ALP_3046-Eyebright-Euphrasia-flowe...jpg
  • Yellow flowers of Castilleja (Indian paintbrush or prairie-fire) bloom at North Kananaskis Pass in Peter Lougheed Provincial Park, Kananaskis Country, Alberta, Canada. Beatty Glacier is in the background. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1807CAN-1196.jpg
  • Yellow flowers of Castilleja (Indian paintbrush or prairie-fire) bloom at North Kananaskis Pass in Peter Lougheed Provincial Park, Kananaskis Country, Alberta, Canada. Beatty Glacier is in the background. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1807CAN-1193.jpg
  • Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja) flowers bloom red under the Hound's Tooth (2819 meters) and Bugaboo Glacier in Bugaboo Provincial Park, in the Purcell Range of the Columbia Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. The Spires Trail to Conrad Kain Hut is 6 miles round trip with 2400 ft gain. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1807CAN-310.jpg
  • Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja) flowers bloom red under the Hound's Tooth (2819 meters) and Bugaboo Glacier in Bugaboo Provincial Park, in the Purcell Range of the Columbia Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. The Spires Trail to Conrad Kain Hut is 6 miles round trip with 2400 ft gain. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1807CAN-308.jpg
  • Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja) flowers bloom red in Monument Canyon in Colorado National Monument, near Grand Junction, Colorado, USA. This desert land is high on the Colorado Plateau dotted with pinion and juniper forests. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1503SW-2068_Castilleja_red-flower.jpg
  • Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja) flowers bloom red along Golden Throne Trail above Capitol Gorge, in Capitol Reef National Park, Utah, USA. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1503SW-0052_Castilleja_red-flower.jpg
  • Orange flowers of Indian Paintbrush bloom on Ingalls Creek Trail, in Wenatchee National Forest, between Leavenworth and Blewett Pass, in Washington, USA. Castilleja (Indian Paintbrush or Prairie-fire) is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1405WA-397.jpg
  • Bloedel Conservatory is a domed lush paradise where you can experience the colors and scents of the tropics year-round, within Queen Elizabeth Park, atop the City of Vancouver’s highest point. Bloedel Conservatory, Queen Elizabeth Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Address: 4600 Cambie St. From Little Mountain (501 feet), see panoramic views over the city crowned by the mountains of the North Shore. A former rock quarry has been converted into beautiful Queen Elizabeth Park with flower gardens, public art, grassy knolls. In Bloedel Conservatory, more than 200 free-flying exotic birds, 500 exotic plants and flowers thrive within a temperature-controlled environment. A donation from Prentice Bloedel built the domed structure, which was dedicated in 1969 "to a better appreciation and understanding of the world of plants," and is jointly operated by Vancouver Park Board and VanDusen Botanical Garden Association.
    1402VAN-133.jpg
  • Yellow flowers of Castilleja (Indian paintbrush or prairie-fire) bloom at North Kananaskis Pass in Peter Lougheed Provincial Park, Kananaskis Country, Alberta, Canada. Beatty Glacier is in the background. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1807CAN-1189.jpg
  • Pink flowers of Castilleja (Indian paintbrush or prairie-fire) bloom near Forks Backcountry Campground, Peter Lougheed Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1807CAN-1101.jpg
  • Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja) flowers bloom red along Hunter Canyon hiking trail, on BLM land, Moab, Utah, USA. Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs. The BLM (Bureau of Land Management) is part of the United States Department of the Interior.
    1804SW-0076.jpg
  • Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja) flowers bloom orange on Ninemile Ridge Trail, in the Blue Mountains, Umatilla National Forest, Pendleton, Oregon, USA. Castilleja (Indian Paintbrush or Prairie-fire) is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south to the Andes, plus northeast Asia. These plants are classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    1405OR-254.jpg
  • The potholed Pihea Trail traverses a spectacular cliff edge of Na Pali-Kona Forest Reserve, overlooking the Kalalau Valley in Na Pali Coast State Park down to the Pacific Ocean, a breathtaking 4000 feet below, on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. On the right, Dicranopteris linearis is commonly known as Old World forked fern, uluhe (Hawaiian), and dilim (Filipino), Climbing Fern, or False Staghorn. This fern is a keystone species in Hawaiian ecosystems and often forms deep thickets. Dicranopteris linearis is widely distributed in the wet Old World tropics, Polynesia and the Pacific. The stem grows from the rhizome, branches at a 45° angle, and forms fronds that continue to bud and branch at great length, 20+ feet. Being intolerant of shade, it climbs over other plants to reach direct sunlight. As a pioneer species in ecological succession, it can colonize bare lava flows, talus, and abandoned roads. Where humans eliminate the fern, invasive species of plants can move in. Slippery wet clay makes Pihea Trail a challenging hike of 2.6 miles round trip with 500 feet gain to Pihea Peak. Pihea Trail begins at Pu'u O Kila Lookout at the end of the road in Koke'e State Park. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping images.
    1701HAW-1475-81-Pano-Edit.jpg
  • Raoulia (or vegetable sheep, the light green cluster of plants in background) is a genus of New Zealand plants in the pussy's-toes tribe within the daisy family. Raoulia grow in alpine areas, forming very fine and dense growths. These compact growths form large amorphous cushion-like masses with only the growing tips visible, resembling sheep from afar. The Gillespie Pass Circuit follows the Young and Wilkin Rivers in Mount Aspiring National Park, in the Southern Alps, near Makarora, in the Otago region, South Island of New Zealand.
    1901NZ1-3605.jpg
  • Dicranopteris linearis is known as Old World forked fern, uluhe (Hawaiian), dilim (Filipino), Climbing Fern, and False Staghorn. This fern is a keystone species in Hawaiian ecosystems and often forms deep thickets. Dicranopteris linearis is widely distributed in the wet Old World tropics, Polynesia and the Pacific. The stem grows from the rhizome, branches at a 45° angle, and forms fronds that continue to bud and branch at great length, 20+ feet. Intolerant of shade, it climbs over other plants to reach direct sunlight. As a pioneer species in ecological succession, it can colonize bare lava flows, talus, and abandoned roads. Where humans eliminate the fern, invasive non-native species of plants often move in. This fern photo is from Kilauea Iki pit crater, which last erupted in 1959, in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, on the Big Island, Hawaii, USA. Established in 1916 and later expanded, the park (HVNP) encompasses two active volcanoes: Kilauea, one of the world's most active volcanoes, and Mauna Loa, the world's most massive shield volcano. The park portrays the birth of the Hawaiian Islands with dramatic volcanic landscapes, native flora and fauna, and glowing flowing lava. HVNP is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and International Biosphere Reserve.
    1701HAW-2300.jpg
  • Dicranopteris linearis is commonly known as Old World forked fern, uluhe (Hawaiian), and dilim (Filipino), Climbing Fern, or False Staghorn. This fern is a keystone species in Hawaiian ecosystems and often forms deep thickets. Dicranopteris linearis is widely distributed in the wet Old World tropics, Polynesia and the Pacific. The stem grows from the rhizome, branches at a 45° angle, and forms fronds that continue to bud and branch at great length, 20+ feet. Being intolerant of shade, it climbs over other plants to reach direct sunlight. As a pioneer species in ecological succession, it can colonize bare lava flows, talus, and abandoned roads. Where humans eliminate the fern, invasive species of plants can move in. This fern photo is from Awaawapuhi Trail in Kokee State Park, Kauai, Hawaii, USA.
    1701HAW-1751.jpg
  • A lavender-colored aster flower blooms in Mount Pilchuck Natural Resources Conservation Area, Central Cascades, Washington, USA. The aster, daisy, or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants.
    1208L22-S95-001_aster-flower.jpg
  • Chiliotrichum diffusum (commonly known as fachine, fascine, or mata verde) typically grows to a height of four to five feet, topped by hundreds of bright white flowers with yellow stamens. It resembles a rosemary bush with aromatic greyish-green foliage. The white, daisy-like flowers are about 2.5 cm (1 in) in diameter. In southern Chile and Argentina it is the dominant plant on the fringes of the Nothofagus forest. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Location: Lagunas Altas Trail, in Patagonia National Park, near Cochrane, Chile, South America. Starting from Los West Winds Campground, we hiked the Lagunas Altas Loop Trail (21 km round trip with 1100 m cumulative gain). Intensive ranching on this former estancia caused overgrazing, but through restoration and rewilding, native grasslands have recovered and wildlife has returned. Patagonia National Park consists of the Tompkins Conservation donation in addition to the former national reserves of Jeinimeni and Tamango, plus fiscal land. Parque Patagonia was created by Conservacion Patagonica, a nonprofit incorporated in California and founded in 2000 by Kris Tompkins. On January 29, 2018, Chilean President Michelle Bachelet and Kris Tompkins signed a decree creating 5 national parks, including Patagonia National Park.
    2002PAT-0852.jpg
  • Anthurium andraeanum (Flamingo Flower) is an ornamental garden plant and houseplant, native to shady, humid tropical forests of Colombia and Ecuador. Projecting from a bright red heart-shaped spathe (a type of bract), the spike of its long white spadix has a yellow tip. The plants are poisonous and contain calcium oxalate crystals, which can cause severe mouth irritation and swelling if ingested. The Volcano Inn has beautiful flower landscaping in a lush cloud forest, on the Big Island, Hawaii, USA. Address: 19-3820 Old Volcano Rd, Volcano, HI 96785
    1701HAW-2175.jpg
  • Hibiscus brackenridgei (commonly called Ma'o Hau Hele, Brackenridge's Rosemallow, Native Yellow Hibiscus, or Pua Aloalo) is the official Hawaii state flower, a native shrub. The yellow flowers either have a solid red center or just small splotches of red at the base of each petal. Although it is cultivated in Hawaiian gardens, this legally-protected plant is endangered in the wild, where few plants remain due to overgrazing by non-native animals, competition with non-native weeds, fire, and land development.  Photographed in hotel landscaping in Princeville, on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, USA.
    1701HAW-0872.jpg
  • Common Foxglove (Digitalis purpure, in the Plantaginaceae family) flowers on a tall spike in Mount Saint Helens National Volcanic Monument, Washington, USA. The Latin meaning of "Digitalis" refers to the "finger-like" ease of fitting the flower over your fingertip. Digitalis also refers to cardiac glycoside drugs (such as digoxin) extracted from plants of genus Digitalis.
    1109HEL-053.jpg
  • A bumblebee crawls on a purple Centaurea flower. Centaurea is a genus of hundreds of species of herbaceous thistle-like flowering plants (commonly called knapweed, starthistle, centaury, centory) in the family Asteraceae. Centaurea are found only north of the equator. August is a good month to see many attractive alpine wildflowers blooming in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1173.jpg
  • A purple monkshood (also known as aconite) alpine wildflower blooms in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. Aconitum is a genus of over 250 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae.
    16SWI-1119.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom along the Lisengrat ridge trail, in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Weaving through limestone outcroppings, we hiked the stunning Lisengrat, a sinuous chain-protected trail from Rotsteinpass to the summit of Säntis. The Lisengrat is a magnificent ridge route between Säntis (2502 m / 8218 feet elevation) and Altmann (2435 m / 7989 ft), the two highest peaks in Appenzell's Alpstein range. The rocky route is safe, but can be scary for those with fear of heights. Shared by three cantons, Säntis can be reached easily via cable car or with effort via trails, to see vast mountain views across six countries: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France and Italy. The Appenzell Alps rise between Lake Walen and Lake Constance.
    16SWI-2091.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1881.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom at Meglisalp near Bötzel pass in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1521.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom at Bötzel pass in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1517.jpg
  • A Sugar Maple (Acer Saccharum) glows with orange and yellow fall colors at Duke Gardens in Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Sugar Maples are native from Canada to Louisiana to Oklahama. Five miles of walks and pathways meander through landscaped and wooded areas at Sarah P. Duke Gardens. The gardens are divided into four parts, the Historic Core, the H.L Blomquist Garden of Native Plants, the Culberson Asiatic Arboretum and the Page White Garden. The gardens are a memorial to Sarah P. Duke, wife of Benjamin N. Duke, one of Duke University's benefactors. Address: Sarah P. Duke Gardens, 426 Anderson Street, Box 90341, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0341.
    1510SE-5112_Duke-Gardens_NC.jpg
  • A cinquefoil flower blooms yellow (Potentilla genus), in Bussalp, Grindelwald, Switzerland, the Alps, Europe. The purple bloom is wild thyme or creeping thyme (Thymus genus in the mint family, Lamiaceae). Potentilla is a genus containing over 300 species of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. To reach Bussalp, ride the private GrindelwaldBus.ch to the last stop in Bussalp, then ascend 40 minutes on foot. Hike a spectacular alpine trail from Eigeralp farm at upper Bussalp, around the Faulhorn to Bachalpsee, finishing at the gondola lift station at First, which descends to Grindelwald BGF. The Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch region is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
    16SWIC-468.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom along the Lisengrat ridge trail, in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Weaving through limestone outcroppings, we hiked the stunning Lisengrat, a sinuous chain-protected trail from Rotsteinpass to the summit of Säntis. The Lisengrat is a magnificent ridge route between Säntis (2502 m / 8218 feet elevation) and Altmann (2435 m / 7989 ft), the two highest peaks in Appenzell's Alpstein range. The rocky route is safe, but can be scary for those with fear of heights. Shared by three cantons, Säntis can be reached easily via cable car or with effort via trails, to see vast mountain views across six countries: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France and Italy. The Appenzell Alps rise between Lake Walen and Lake Constance.
    16SWI-2096-p1.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom along the Lisengrat ridge trail, in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Weaving through limestone outcroppings, we hiked the stunning Lisengrat, a sinuous chain-protected trail from Rotsteinpass to the summit of Säntis. The Lisengrat is a magnificent ridge route between Säntis (2502 m / 8218 feet elevation) and Altmann (2435 m / 7989 ft), the two highest peaks in Appenzell's Alpstein range. The rocky route is safe, but can be scary for those with fear of heights. Shared by three cantons, Säntis can be reached easily via cable car or with effort via trails, to see vast mountain views across six countries: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France and Italy. The Appenzell Alps rise between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    16SWI-2096_298pan.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom along the Lisengrat ridge trail, in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Weaving through limestone outcroppings, we hiked the stunning Lisengrat, a sinuous chain-protected trail from Rotsteinpass to the summit of Säntis. The Lisengrat is a magnificent ridge route between Säntis (2502 m / 8218 feet elevation) and Altmann (2435 m / 7989 ft), the two highest peaks in Appenzell's Alpstein range. The rocky route is safe, but can be scary for those with fear of heights. Shared by three cantons, Säntis can be reached easily via cable car or with effort via trails, to see vast mountain views across six countries: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France and Italy. The Appenzell Alps rise between Lake Walen and Lake Constance.
    16SWI-2092.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom along the Lisengrat ridge trail, in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Weaving through limestone outcroppings, we hiked the stunning Lisengrat, a sinuous chain-protected trail from Rotsteinpass to the summit of Säntis. The Lisengrat is a magnificent ridge route between Säntis (2502 m / 8218 feet elevation) and Altmann (2435 m / 7989 ft), the two highest peaks in Appenzell's Alpstein range. The rocky route is safe, but can be scary for those with fear of heights. Shared by three cantons, Säntis can be reached easily via cable car or with effort via trails, to see vast mountain views across six countries: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France and Italy. The Appenzell Alps rise between Lake Walen and Lake Constance.
    16SWI-2069-70merge.jpg
  • Alpine yellow composite wildflowers bloom along the Lisengrat ridge trail, in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Weaving through limestone outcroppings, we hiked the stunning Lisengrat, a sinuous chain-protected trail from Rotsteinpass to the summit of Säntis. The Lisengrat is a magnificent ridge route between Säntis (2502 m / 8218 feet elevation) and Altmann (2435 m / 7989 ft), the two highest peaks in Appenzell's Alpstein range. The rocky route is safe, but can be scary for those with fear of heights. Shared by three cantons, Säntis can be reached easily via cable car or with effort via trails, to see vast mountain views across six countries: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France and Italy. The Appenzell Alps rise between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. This image was stitched from multiple overlapping photos.
    16SWI-2062-64pan.jpg
  • A female hiker's legs walk by Alpine yellow composite wildflowers blooming at Meglisalp near Bötzel pass in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1520.jpg
  • A female hiker's legs walk by Alpine yellow composite wildflowers blooming at Meglisalp near Bötzel pass in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1519.jpg
  • A fly lands on an Alpine yellow composite wildflower blooming at Bötzel pass in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. Compared to bees, flies (as pictured) have just one set of wings (not two) which stay out when at rest (not folded), and their bodies just get dusted with pollen (not caked). The aster, daisy or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1518.jpg
  • A purple monkshood (also known as aconite) alpine wildflower blooms in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. Aconitum is a genus of over 250 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae. August is a good month to see many attractive alpine wildflowers blooming in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe. Appenzell Innerrhoden is Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
    16SWI-1425.jpg
  • A metallic blue-green Mint Beetle (Chrysolina coerulans, in the Chrysomelidae family) crawls on a pink flower. Chrysolina is a large genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Chrysomelinae. The Chrysolina species are phytophagous, feeding on specific food plants. August is a good month to see many attractive alpine wildflowers blooming in the Alpstein limestone range, Appenzell Alps, Switzerland, Europe.
    16SWI-1246.jpg
  • The Pinesap plant (Monotropa hypopithys) blooms with a cluster of 3-10 nodding pale yellow, tan, or sometime reddish flowers on a single stem. It has no chlorophyll, gets nutrients through parasitism on fungi, and can live in very dark forest.  Hike along beautiful Thunder Creek to Fourth of July Pass from Colonial Creek Campground, in Ross Lake National Recreation Area, in the North Cascades, Washington, USA.
    1207CAS-S95_045_Pinesap_Monotropa-hy...jpg
  • Candy Cane plant (Allotropa virgata) is found in forests of the Pacific Northwest and is dependent on the mycelia of Matsutake fungus, which attaches itself to the roots of trees forming a symbiotic relationship. Its other names include Sugar-stick, Candystriped allotropa, and Barber's Pole. It is in the family Ericaceae (Heath Family). Hike along beautiful Thunder Creek to Fourth of July Pass from Colonial Creek Campground, in Ross Lake National Recreation Area, in the North Cascades mountain range, Washington, USA.
    1207CAS-S95_029_Allotropa-virgata_pl...jpg
  • Shooting Star flower in Spray Park, Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, USA. Dodecatheon is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the Primrose family, Primulaceae. The species have basal clumps of leaves and nodding flowers that are produced at the top of tall stems that rise from where the leaves join the crown. The genus is largely confined to North America and part of northeastern Siberia. Other common names are American Cowslip, Mosquito Bills, Mad Violets and Sailor-caps. A few species are grown in gardens for their showy and unique flower display. The stamens are thrust out with the sepals bent back. The flowers are pollinated by bees, which grab hold of the petals, buzz their wings, and vibrate pollen off the anthers (buzz pollination).
    0907SPR-002.jpg
  • A cinquefoil flower blooms yellow (Potentilla genus), in Bussalp, Grindelwald, Switzerland, the Alps, Europe. The purple bloom is wild thyme or creeping thyme (Thymus genus in the mint family, Lamiaceae). Potentilla is a genus containing over 300 species of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. To reach Bussalp, ride the private GrindelwaldBus.ch to the last stop in Bussalp, then ascend 40 minutes on foot. Hike a spectacular alpine trail from Eigeralp farm at upper Bussalp, around the Faulhorn to Bachalpsee, finishing at the gondola lift station at First, which descends to Grindelwald BGF. The Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch region is honored as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
    16SWIC-470.jpg
  • The Pinesap plant (Monotropa hypopithys) blooms with a cluster of 3-10 nodding pale yellow, tan, or sometime reddish flowers on a single stem. It has no chlorophyll, gets nutrients through parasitism on fungi, and can live in very dark forest. Hike along beautiful Thunder Creek to Fourth of July Pass from Colonial Creek Campground, in Ross Lake National Recreation Area, in the North Cascades, Washington, USA.
    1207CAS-S95_044_Pinesap_Monotropa-hy...jpg
  • The white flower of a Trillium plant blooms to attract pollinators on Squak Mountain, Washington, USA.
    1204SQU-001_trillium.jpg
  • A clay hen decorates a row of lavender (flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae). Grown at Jardin du Soleil Lavender Farm at the Sequim Lavender Festival held mid July in Washington, USA.
    0607LAV_0083-Jardin-Du-Soleil.jpg
  • A yellow flower of Calceolaria biflora (slipperwort, lady's purse, or slipper flower). Location: Pampa Linda, Nahuel Huapi National Park, near Bariloche, Lake District of Argentina, southern Andes, in the Patagonia region of South America. Calceolaria is a genus of plants in the family Calceolariaceae. Calceolaria consists of about 388 species of shrubs, lianas, and herbs, with a geographical range extending from Patagonia to central Mexico, with its distribution center in the Andean region. Calceolaria species have usually yellow or orange flowers, which can have red or purple spots.
    2002PAT-0049.jpg
  • This pink flower of Perezia genus may be the recurvata species. Perezia recurvata, on the trail to Mirador Castaño Overo, at the base of Cerro Tronador, in Nahuel Huapi National Park, Lake District of Argentina, southern Andes, Patagonia, South America. Perezia genus of flowering plants has about 30 to 35 species (in the aster family, Asteraceae). It is distributed in South America, especially in the central and southern Andes.
    2002PAT-9074.jpg
  • Bull's-Eye Lichen (Placopsis gelida) is one of the first plants to colonize recently deglaciated terrain. Hike the scenic Curry Ridge Trail (6 miles round trip with 1000 feet gain) from K'esugi Ken Campground, in Denali State Park, Alaska, USA. Denali State Park is in the Matanuska-Susitna Borough adjacent to the east side of Denali National Park and Preserve along the Parks Highway.
    1906AKH-2426.jpg
  • Purple aster flowers along the Spires Trail to Conrad Kain Hut (6 miles round trip with 2400 ft gain), in Bugaboo Provincial Park, in the Purcell Range of the Columbia Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. The aster, daisy, or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants.
    1807CAN-287.jpg
  • Hawaii's native Hala tree is also known as Tahitian Screwpine, Pu Hala, Screw Pine, Textile Screwpine, Thatch Screwpine, Pandanus, Pandan, Tourist Pineapple or Pineapple Tree (Pandanus tectorius, or synonyms: P. chamissonis, P. douglasii, P. menziesii, P. odoratissimus; in the Screw-pine family, Pandanaceae). Some people mistake hala fruit heads for pineapples, which are unrelated plants. Cultivated varieties of Hala differing from the native version were brought to Hawaii by the ancient Polynesians in their canoes. Hala was useful for medicinal purposes, and the fruit was eaten and used to make leis. Its roots could make cordage. Hala leaves served as thatch and could be stripped of spiny edges to be woven or plaited into mats, pillows, sails, baskets, hats, sandals, and fans. A beautiful day hike along the slippery Kalalau Trail goes from Ke'e Beach to Hanakapiai Beach, with a rougher side trip to impressive Hanakapiai Falls, in Na Pali Coast State Wilderness Park on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. To reach Hanakapiai Valley's waterfall, follow the signed clay trails for a moderately strenuous 8.8 miles round trip with 2200 feet cumulative gain (measured on my GPS)
    1701HAW-1067.jpg
  • Hawaii's native Hala tree is also known as Tahitian Screwpine, Pu Hala, Screw Pine, Textile Screwpine, Thatch Screwpine, Pandanus, Pandan, Tourist Pineapple or Pineapple Tree (Pandanus tectorius, or synonyms: P. chamissonis, P. douglasii, P. menziesii, P. odoratissimus; in the Screw-pine family, Pandanaceae). Some people mistake hala fruit heads for pineapples, which are unrelated plants. Cultivated varieties of Hala differing from the native version were brought to Hawaii by the ancient Polynesians in their canoes. Hala was useful for medicinal purposes, and the fruit was eaten and used to make leis. Its roots could make cordage. Hala leaves served as thatch and could be stripped of spiny edges to be woven or plaited into mats, pillows, sails, baskets, hats, sandals, and fans. A beautiful day hike along the slippery Kalalau Trail goes from Ke'e Beach to Hanakapiai Beach, with a rougher side trip to impressive Hanakapiai Falls, in Na Pali Coast State Wilderness Park on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. To reach Hanakapiai Valley's waterfall, follow the signed clay trails for a moderately strenuous 8.8 miles round trip with 2200 feet cumulative gain (measured on my GPS)
    1701HAW-0935.jpg
  • Hawaii's native Hala tree is also known as Tahitian Screwpine, Pu Hala, Screw Pine, Textile Screwpine, Thatch Screwpine, Pandanus, Pandan, Tourist Pineapple or Pineapple Tree (Pandanus tectorius, or synonyms: P. chamissonis, P. douglasii, P. menziesii, P. odoratissimus; in the Screw-pine family, Pandanaceae). Some people mistake hala fruit heads for pineapples, which are unrelated plants. Cultivated varieties of Hala differing from the native version were brought to Hawaii by the ancient Polynesians in their canoes. Hala was useful for medicinal purposes, and the fruit was eaten and used to make leis. Its roots could make cordage. Hala leaves served as thatch and could be stripped of spiny edges to be woven or plaited into mats, pillows, sails, baskets, hats, sandals, and fans. A beautiful day hike along the slippery Kalalau Trail goes from Ke'e Beach to Hanakapiai Beach, with a rougher side trip to impressive Hanakapiai Falls, in Na Pali Coast State Wilderness Park on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. To reach Hanakapiai Valley's waterfall, follow the signed clay trails for a moderately strenuous 8.8 miles round trip with 2200 feet cumulative gain (measured on my GPS)
    1701HAW-0899.jpg
  • Hawaii's native Hala tree is also known as Tahitian Screwpine, Pu Hala, Screw Pine, Textile Screwpine, Thatch Screwpine, Pandanus, Pandan, Tourist Pineapple or Pineapple Tree (Pandanus tectorius, or synonyms: P. chamissonis, P. douglasii, P. menziesii, P. odoratissimus; in the Screw-pine family, Pandanaceae). Some people mistake hala fruit heads for pineapples, which are unrelated plants. Cultivated varieties of Hala differing from the native version were brought to Hawaii by the ancient Polynesians in their canoes. Hala was useful for medicinal purposes, and the fruit was eaten and used to make leis. Its roots could make cordage. Hala leaves served as thatch and could be stripped of spiny edges to be woven or plaited into mats, pillows, sails, baskets, hats, sandals, and fans. A beautiful day hike along the slippery Kalalau Trail goes from Ke'e Beach to Hanakapiai Beach, with a rougher side trip to impressive Hanakapiai Falls, in Na Pali Coast State Wilderness Park on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. To reach Hanakapiai Valley's waterfall, follow the signed clay trails for a moderately strenuous 8.8 miles round trip with 2200 feet cumulative gain (measured on my GPS)
    1701HAW-0884.jpg
  • Pathway through lush green tropical plants in Allerton Garden, on the south shore of Kauai, Hawaii, USA. Address: 4425 Lawai Rd, Koloa, HI 96756. Nestled in a valley transected by the Lawai Stream ending in Lawai Bay, Allerton Garden is one of five gardens of the non-profit National Tropical Botanical Garden (ntbg.org). This image was stitched from multiple overlapping images.
    1701HAW-1986-96-Pano.jpg
  • Common Foxglove (Digitalis purpure, in the Plantaginaceae family) flowers bloom on a tall spike in Washington state. The Latin meaning of "Digitalis" refers to the "finger-like" ease of fitting the flower over your fingertip. Digitalis also refers to cardiac glycoside drugs (such as digoxin) extracted from plants of genus Digitalis. Wallace Falls State Park offers good hiking and camping beneath mossy trees on the rushing Wallace River near the town of Gold Bar, Washington, USA.
    1607WAL-025.jpg
  • A blue flower blooms in a reflecting pond at beautiful Duke Gardens, in Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Five miles of walks and pathways meander through landscaped and wooded areas at Sarah P. Duke Gardens. The gardens are divided into four parts, the Historic Core, the H.L Blomquist Garden of Native Plants, the Culberson Asiatic Arboretum and the Page White Garden. The gardens are a memorial to Sarah P. Duke, wife of Benjamin N. Duke, one of Duke University's benefactors. Address: Sarah P. Duke Gardens, 426 Anderson Street, Box 90341, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0341.
    1510SE-5091_Duke-Gardens_NC.jpg
  • Castilleja (Indian Paintbrush or Prairie-fire) is a genus of about 200 species of plants native to the west of the Americas plus northeast Asia. McGee Creek Canyon makes an excellent moderate day hike through fields of summer wildflowers in John Muir Wilderness, Inyo National Forest, Sierra Nevada, Mammoth Lakes, California, USA. Swirling patterns of fractured red and gray metamorphic rocks rise impressively above this hike of 6 miles round trip with 1200 feet gain to the beaver pond on McGee Creek.
    1507CAL-1101.jpg
  • Peeling brown bark of Polylepis genus of tree, which is the only wind-pollinated group of plants in the rose family. As a day trip by car and foot from Huaraz, hike to Lake 69 (4600 meters elevation, 8 miles round trip with 800 meters gain) in the Cordillera Blanca, Andes Mountains, Peru, South America.
    14PER-0269_bark_Polylepis-tree-genus.jpg
  • Werneria is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae/Compositae). This white composite alpine flower hugs the ground with no stem near Huaraz, on a day hike 630 meters vertically up a steep trail to Lake/Lago Churup (4465 meters elevation) in the Cordillera Blanca, Andes Mountains, Peru, South America.
    14PER-0096_Werneria-flower-genus.jpg
  • A bee gathers nectar and pollinates a purple knapweed flower (Centaurea genus), at Passo Cibiana, Dolomites, part of the Southern Limestone Alps, Italy, Europe. Centaurea is a genus of hundreds of species of herbaceous thistle-like flowering plants (commonly called knapweed, starthistle, centaury, or centory) in the family Asteraceae. Centaurea are found only north of the equator. UNESCO honored the Dolomites as a natural World Heritage Site in 2009.
    13ITA-50305_bee_Centaurea.jpg
  • Ice on branches, Lower Emerald Pool waterfall, Zion National Park, Springdale, Utah, USA. The North Fork of the Virgin River carved spectacular Zion Canyon through reddish and tan-colored Navajo Sandstone up to half a mile (800 m) deep and 15 miles (24 km) long. Uplift associated with the creation of the Colorado Plateaus lifted the region 10,000 feet (3000 m) starting 13 million years ago. Zion and Kolob canyon geology includes 9 formations covering 150 million years of mostly Mesozoic-aged sedimentation, from warm, shallow seas, streams, lakes, vast deserts, and dry near-shore environments. Mormons discovered the canyon in 1858 and settled in the early 1860s. U.S. President Taft declared it Mukuntuweap National Monument in 1909. In 1918, the name changed to Zion (an ancient Hebrew name for Jerusalem), which became a National Park in 1919. The Kolob section (a 1937 National Monument) was added to Zion National Park in 1956. Unusually diverse plants and animals congregate here where the Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert meet.
    1303UT-1186.jpg
  • A venerable tree casts its shadow onto bright green grass by a park bench. Admire diverse plants and trees throughout the year in Washington Park Arboretum, Seattle, Washington, USA. Washington Park Arboretum is a joint project of the University of Washington, the Seattle Department of Parks and Recreation, and the nonprofit Arboretum Foundation.
    1210ARB-016_park-green-grass.jpg
  • Yellow flowers (probably in the Calceolariaceae Family) bloom in high cloud forest near the Black Sheep Inn, Chugchilan, Ecuador, South America, on the Lago Quilotoa driving loop. Calceolaria, also called Lady's purse, Slipper flower, Pocketbook flower, or Slipperwort, is a genus of plants in the Calceolariaceae family, sometimes classified in Scrophulariaceae by some authors. This genus consists of about 388 species of shrubs, lianas and herbs, and the geographic range extends from Patagonia to central Mexico, with its distribution centre in Andean region. Calceolaria in Latin means shoemaker. Calceolarias have usually yellow or orange flowers, which can have red or purple spots.
    09ECU-2487_Ecuador.jpg
  • Indian paintbrush blooms pink (and other red colors) at Whistling Pass, Canadian Rocky Mountains, Banff National Park, Alberta. Castilleja, commonly known as Indian paintbrush or Prairie-fire, is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas and northeast Asia. They classified in the family Orobanchaceae and are hemiparasitic on the roots of grasses and forbs.
    10CAN-2608_Indian-paintbrush.jpg
  • Daisies bloom at Herbert Lake, Banff National Park, Alberta, in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. The aster, daisy, or sunflower family (Asteraceae or Compositae) is the largest family of vascular plants. Banff is part of the big Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site declared by UNESCO in 1984.
    10CAN-2132_daisies.jpg
  • Spreading phlox / Phlox diffusa flowers glow with a pinkish lavender color in Mountain Rainier National Park, Washington, USA. Phlox (pronounced "flocks," from the Greek word for "flame") is a genus of perennial and annual plants in the family Polemoniaceae. Phlox are found mostly in North America (one species in Siberia) in diverse habitats from alpine tundra to open woodland and prairie. From Sunrise, we hiked 7.5 miles with 1440 feet cumulative gain to Skyscraper Pass.
    2107WA-005.jpg
  • A mariposa lily blooms pink and white along the Juniper Trail, in Kootenay National Park, Radium Hot Springs, British Columbia, Canada. Calochortus (which means "beautiful grass" in Greek) is a genus of North American plants in the lily family.
    1807CAN-606.jpg
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