Under Tanzania's Mount Kilimanjaro, a troop of olive baboons explore a sign in Amboseli National Park in Kenya's Kajiado County, East Africa. The olive baboon (Papio anubis, in the family Cercopithecidae) is the most wide-ranging of all baboon species, being native to 25 countries throughout Africa (extending from Mali eastward to Ethiopia and Tanzania, plus some mountainous regions of the Sahara). It inhabits savannahs, steppes, and forests. Baboons are among the largest non-hominoid primates and have existed for at least two million years. All baboons have long, dog-like muzzles, heavy, powerful jaws with sharp canine teeth, close-set eyes, thick fur except on their muzzles, short tails, and nerveless, hairless pads of skin on their protruding buttocks called ischial callosities that provide for sitting comfort. Baboons are active during daylight hours on the ground but sleep in trees, or on high cliffs or rocks at night, away from predators. Their omnivorous diet includes a variety of plants and animals. Their principal predators are Nile crocodiles, leopards, lions and hyenas. Most baboons live in hierarchical troops containing harems. Baboons live in the wild from 20 to 30 years — up to 45 years in captivity. // Amboseli National Park was created in 1974 from a 1948 game reserve which was formerly a 1906 Maasai reserve, in Kenya. In 1991, the Park was listed as a UNESCO "Man and the Biosphere Reserve." // Mt Kilimanjaro is dormant stratovolcano in Tanzania — the world's highest single free-standing mountain above sea level: 5,899 m or 19,354 ft (2014 measurement). It's the highest mountain in Africa and the highest volcano in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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