The flag (Coat of Arms) of Appenzell is based on that of the Abbot of St. Gallen, who was the feudal lord until 1403. (The flag of the abbey showed a bear on a yellow field, and the independent territory Appenzell changed the field to white for its own flag.) The canton of Appenzell divided itself into an "inner" and "outer" half (Rhoden) as a consequence of the Reformation in Switzerland in 1597: Appenzell Innerrhoden (Catholic) and Appenzell Ausserrhoden (Protestant). Appenzell Museum, which is in the town hall, shows a cross section of the Swiss Canton's history and culture (1400s flags and banners, embroidery, folk art, and even historic torture instruments). Appenzell village is in Appenzell Innerrhoden, Switzerland's most traditional and smallest-population canton (second smallest by area).
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