Devil's Cataract plunges into Batoka Gorge at Victoria Falls National Park, Zimbabwe, Victoria Falls town, in southern Africa. Victoria Falls is the world's largest waterfall, based on its combined width of 1,708 meters (5,604 ft) and height of 108 meters (354 ft), creating the world's largest sheet of falling water. Victoria Falls are roughly twice the height of North America's Niagara Falls and well over twice its width. Devil's Cataract, on the Zimbabwe side of the Falls, is the lowest of the five Falls, with a drop of 60m (197 feet). It is separated from the rest of the Falls by Boaruka Island, also known as Cataract Island. The UNESCO World Heritage List honors the transnational area "Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls" of Zambia and Zimbabwe. The Zambezi River plummets from a dry savanna plateau into Batoka Gorge, a lush, palm-packed ravine that forms a natural border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Mosi-oa-Tunya is the poetic local Sotho word for "The Smoke That Thunders" — referring to the towering mist and roar. Around 1,000 years after the Sotho arrived, Victoria Falls was renamed in 1855 for Queen Victoria of Britain by the first outsider to see them, the great explorer David Livingstone. Victoria Falls is most spectacular from February to May, peaking in March to April, after the region's summer rains. Although the upstream green season starts in late November, rainwater fallen in the Angolan Highlands requires time to navigate a series of massive gorges before reaching the falls. The basalt plateau of Victoria Falls was formed during the Jurassic period, around 200 million years ago. Zimbabwe achieved independence in 1980 and has 16 official languages, with English, Shona, and Ndebele the most common.
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